The genus Persicaria is found within the family Polygonaceae along with other notable genera such as Rheum (Rhubarb), Rumex (Sorrel), Fallopia and Polygonum. In fact, until quite recently both Persicaria and Fallopia were included within Polygonum. Moving them into their own genera has led to some short term confusion but the new classification makes a lot of sense when one is thinking about the habits of various plants. For many excellent reasons Polygonum has developed a reputation for invasiveness and many of its species appear on banned or ‘not recommended’ lists. Some Persicaria can also be overly aggressive so it is wise to take care, but the plants described below are all great garden plants that work well in either domestic or commercial landscapes.
The attributes that make a great landscape plant, vigor, longevity, great foliage and long-lived showy flowers are well represented with these plants. Unfortunately Persicaria are often overlooked and underused in favor more flamboyant and well known genera such as Hemerocallis or Hosta. Don’t make that mistake, give these hardworking, beautiful plants the attention they deserve.
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The genus Phlox is comprised of about 67 species (and innumerable cultivars) that are found within the family Polemoniaceae, which of course also includes the genus Polemonium (Jacob’s Ladder). The vast majority of Phlox are native to North America in habitats ranging from shaded woodlands to moist creek sides and even alpine conditions. As you might expect they vary greatly in size potential as well, with some species (i.e. P. subulata, etc.) reaching only a few inches in height while others (P. paniculata, etc.) can grow to almost 6’ (2m) under ideal conditions. Flowers can range from white through pink, red, blues and purples with hybridization enlarging the color pool into yellows and oranges. Depending upon the species flowering takes place from early spring right through until late fall. Phlox is yet another North American native that has been embraced with enthusiasm by European breeders and gardeners who continue to develop new and interesting cultivars and then send them back home for us to enjoy.
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Ligularia are found within the family Asteraceae. This seems an odd placement if you only consider the foliage — since Ligularia look nothing like Aster, Echinacea or Rudbeckia, any of which could be the poster child for the composite family — but a close look at the flowers will soon explain the relationship.
Each ‘flower’ is an inflorescence comprised of the central disk flowers (usually fertile) without petals, and the outer ray flowers (usually sterile) which include the showy petals. The genus name comes from the Latin for strap — ligula, a reference to the linear nature of the petals. Common names include ragwort, (golden) groundsel, and rayflower, none of which are attractive and could even be considered a liability. The genus name is the easiest way to refer to them.
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The often overlooked plants in the genus Helenium are members of the family Asteraceae and as such sport the ubiquitous daisy-like flowers anywhere from mid June to late autumn, depending upon which of the approximately forty species the plant derives from, and of course, the local climate. Helenium are native to North and Central America and are yet another of our native plants that have achieved fame and acceptance in Europe while being virtually ignored here at home.
The first record of a Helenium species in a European garden was in the late eighteenth century but it was not until the twentieth century that named cultivars started to make their appearance, mostly from European breeders. |
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The genus Clematis is found within the family Ranuculaceae along with other garden favorites such as Helleborus, Paeonia, Anemone and Thalictrum. Currently there are over 300 recognized species of Clematis found all over the world but predominantly in the more temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. To help clarify the situation many taxonomists will subdivide the genus into groups or subgroups according to species or growth habit. The stereotypical Clematis is a climbing vine with large colorful flowers, usually appearing in mid summer. These are usually known as the ‘large flowered hybrids’ and there are, by conservative estimates, over 700 cultivars available. But there is so much more to this genus than just the well-known vines with their beautiful, large, open blooms. |
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